[php-src] Issue #8364: MessageFormatter fails with U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR

Issue: https://github.com/php/php-src/issues/8364 Author: hhofstaetter ### Description The following code: ```php <?php $formatter = new MessageFormatter('en', 'translate {0}'); $args = ['string', 'string']; foreach ($args as &$arg) { // do nothing; } $result = $formatter->format($args); var_dump($result); var_dump(intl_get_error_message()); ``` Resulted in this output: ``` bool(false) string(107) "No strategy to convert the value given for the argument with key '1' is available: U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR" ``` But I expected this output instead: ``` string(11) "translate 8" string(12) "U_ZERO_ERROR" ``` The error happens only if arguments are used in the foreach by reference and only if the number of arguments in the array and in the translation string are different. The code works fine in 5.6, it fails in 7.0 and newer versions. ### PHP Version 8.0.17, 8.1.4 ### Operating System _No response_