[php-src] Issue #12529: Memory corruption if a fiber is resumed in shutdown handler after an exception

Issue: https://github.com/php/php-src/issues/12529 Author: danog ### Description There's an issue with fibers **unrelated** to JIT or opcache that causes memory corruption in certain cases if a fiber is resumed in the shutdown handler after an uncaught exception triggered execution of said shutdown handler. This memory corruption usually manifests as impossible TypeErrors when returning from random, always different functions. I've been seeing a lot of reports including in the amphp chat (join https://t.me/+RO_PpIt0DDZhvPPs then https://t.me/c/1156566948/47988, https://t.me/c/1156566948/47730, https://t.me/c/1156566948/47048), and got the issue myself several times, but haven't managed to reliably reproduce yet. The only way I found of *sometimes* reproducing the issue is running the test.php script from https://paste.daniil.it/jit_1.tar.xz (**without** JIT or opcache) and randomly hitting ctrl-c multiple times during the handshake, but still it's super hard to reproduce reliably... The issue itself is triggered by MadelineProto's shutdown handler, which resumes the revoltphp event loop (with a bit of reflection trickery) and continues execution of all fibers currently in scope, also spawning some new ones: https://github.com/danog/MadelineProto/blob/v8/src/Shutdown.php#L66 ### PHP Version 8.2.12 ### Operating System _No response_