Re: Question about include_once and require_once

Many thanks John. That clarifies it for me. John W. Holmes wrote:

The php lit is not clear, to me, exactly what is happening. Does the "once" refer to the session or to the page?

Page. It has nothing to do with sessions. So if you have include_once('functions.php') in your code twice, the 'functions.php' code will only be parsed once with the first include_once() call.

In other words: suppose I have a file with several functions and

several

pages on my site. My visitors can arrive at any page and then

navigate

around the site. If I use include_once () on all my php pages, can I rely on the session manager to maintain the functions for the

visitors? No. Not sure where you got this from, but sessions are a completely different topic.

If I use just plain "include ()", does the php parser load up an additional copy for every time it's called?

It will parse the include file each time include() is called. ---John W. Holmes... PHP Architect - A monthly magazine for PHP Professionals. Get your copy today. http://www.phparch.com/