note 11713 added to require

I have a file, test1.php: <? require("testInclude.php"); include("test2.php"); ?> test2.php looks like this: <? require("testInclude.php"); echo "done"; ?> If testInclude.php includes a function definition: <? function nothing(){ #misc code } ?> Then the operation fails with the message: Fatal error: Cannot redeclare nothing() in Unknown on line 3 Indicating that require() is called repeatedly if the calls are on separate lines. In practical terms, this means I have to include a define() in the included file which is a flag to indicate that the include has happened already. Each page that includes the testInclude.php page then has to check if this value is defined and use a conditional include() instead of require()... The ideal solution would be a php command that would include() the file only if it had not previously been included. I thought that this is what require did, but it does not. Given the similarities between require() and include(), would this not be a good direction to take require() in? http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.require.php